“It's a real public service to have debates that bring top-tier participants together and add the sizzle of prize fight competition to a discussion of issues of first-order importance.”
The Surgeon General's Call to Action to Prevent and Decrease Overweight and Obesity 2001 The US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Office of the Surgeon General, 2001 Working with the Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, along with other agencies in the Department of Health and Human Services, Surgeon General Satcher developed this Call To Action To Prevent and Decrease Overweight and Obesity. Its ultimate goal: to set priorities and establish strategies and actions to reduce overweight and obesity. The Surgeon General's Vision for a Healthy and Fit Nation, published in 2010, is the current surgeon general Dr. Regina Benjamin's plan to strengthen and expand this blueprint for action created by her predecessor.
Investing in the Health and Well-Being of Our Children David Satcher, Childhood Obesity, June 2011 There is no greater investment that a nation can make than to invest in the health of children and their early development. By so doing, we not only prevent diseases in childhood but also most of the health problems of adulthood, including major disparities in health among different racial and socioeconomic groups.
Physical Activity and Health A Report of the Surgeon General, 1996 This first Surgeon General’s report on physical activity was released on the eve of the Centennial Olympic Games, held in Atlanta, Georgia. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), under the direction of David Satcher, was the lead federal agency in preparing this report.
Has America Reached its Tipping Point on Obesity? Remarks by David Satcher, STOP Obesity Alliance, September 9, 2009 Former Surgeon General David Satcher discusses obesity and promoting healthy lifestyles in his remarks at the STOP Obesity Alliance.
For: Pamela Peeke
Twinkies Are Science Fair Projects Katy Waldman interviews Pamela Peeke, Slate, February 2, 2012 According to Peeke, she's not advocating for a nanny state, but there's a lot the government can do, like promoting more research and education.
Childhood Obesity and Parental Neglect Pamela Peeke, Everyday Fitness, WebMD, July 21, 2010 Every parent must be a role model for their children by walking the talk and creating a healthy living environment for the whole family.
Can You Tax Away Obesity Pamela Peeke, Huffington Post, June 25, 2010 Obesity requires solutions based on the participation of everyone—government, business, non-profit organizations, the medical community, schools, community and religious leaders... everyone, working together cooperatively to identify answers and take action.
Junk Food Junkie: Food Addiction is Real Pamela Peeke, Everyday Fitness, WebMD, April 13, 2010 Researchers at the Scripps Research Institute have just published a study that explains why you eat so compulsively around particular foods. You may actually be a junk food junkie!
The Politics of Fat Paul Campos, Clarke Forum lecture at Dickinson College, March 22, 2011 Campos argues for the concept of body liberation: the idea that a more inclusive idea of what constitutes a healthy and desirable body would do far more good than efforts to make Americans slimmer.
Childhood Shmobesity Paul Campos, New Republic, February 11, 2010 Everyone should support reasonable attempts to make it easier for all children to enjoy a healthy balance of foods and the pleasures and benefits of physical activity. Trying to do so by stigmatizing the bodies of one out of every three American kids is a horrible idea.
America’s Moral Panic Over Obesity Megan McArdle interview with Paul Campos, Atlantic, July 29, 2009 McArdle interviews Paul Campos, author of The Obesity Myth, which argues that the health benefits of losing weight are largely imaginary; that we are using "health" to advance our class bias in favor of thin people, particularly thin women.
Is Weight the New Race? Rachel Cooke, Observer, July 8, 2006 Do we demonise the obese purely on health grounds or is it a gut reaction based on prejudice?
No Proof Paula Deen’s High-Fat Southern Cooking Caused Her Diabetes Paul Campos, Daily Beast January 17, 2012 Heads were shaking across America when the celebrity chef revealed she had type 2 diabetes. Of course her rich Southern cooking was to blame! But Campos says there’s no evidence of that—and we should quit moralizing.
Anti-Obesity Ads Won’t Work By Telling Fat Kids to Stop Being Fat Paul Campos, Daily Beast, January 4, 2012 A controversial Georgia ad campaign that aims to reduce obesity in children warns them of all the problems they face by being overweight, but how is telling fat kids they’re fat going to help make them thin?
Against: John Stossel
Fat Politics John Stossel, Stossel, June 25, 2010 Stossel discusses what is really behind the “obesity epidemic” with J. Eric Oliver, author of Fat Politics.
No Soup for You: the Government’s War on Food John Stossel, John Stossel’s Take, Fox Business August 5, 2011 Obesity is not a public health problem, it’s a private one. And government regulations that seek to “make us healthier” infringe on personal liberty.
Michelle Obama and the Food Police John Stossel, John Stossel’s Take, Fox Business, September 14, 2010 If the government is allowed to dictate our diet, what's next? Do they start deciding who we'll marry, where we'll work?
Produce More Meat! Eat More Veggies! John Stossel, John Stossel’s Take, Fox Business, March 29, 2010 No crop should get subsidies. But the politicians’ solution is to keep supporting meat production -- and then turn around and pay schools to serve vegetables.
Articles For & Against
For Government Intervention
Obesity, Battle of the Bulge-Policy Behind Change: Whose Responsibility Is It and Who Pays? Adrienne Mercer, Health Education Journal, December 2010 When addressing responsibility for obese and overweight, all variables must be addressed: the individual, government, community and the food industry must lay claim to the impact of unhealthy choices and lack of access in the nation.
F as in Fat: How Obesity Threatens America’s Future 2011 Trust for America’s Health and The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, July 2011 Adult obesity rates increased in 16 states in the past year and did not decline in any state, according to F as in Fat: How Obesity Threatens America's Future 2011, a report from the Trust for America's Health and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.
Obesity Lancet, August 26, 2011 This four-part series examines the global obesity pandemic: its drivers, its economic and health burden, the physiology behind weight control and maintenance, and what science tells us about the kind of actions that are needed to change our obesogenic environment. The fourth paper concludes that sustained interventions at several levels, with national governments taking the lead, are necessary to halt and reverse the epidemic.
Tackling Obesities: Future Choices—Project Report, 2nd Edition Foresight Programme, Government Office for Science, UK 2007 Although personal responsibility plays a crucial part in weight gain, we are being overwhelmed by the effects of today’s “obesogenic” environment, with its abundance of energy dense food, motorized transport, and sedentary lifestyles. This report finds that a substantial degree of intervention is required to affect an impact on the rising trend in obesity.
Against The Motion
Does Government Have a Role in Curbing Obesity? Michael L. Marlow and Alden F. Shiers, Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons, Fall 2012 Economics professors Marlow and Shiers predict government intervention will make obesity worse as it crowds out market-based solutions.
Children, Parents, and Obesity Julie Gunlock, National Affairs, Winter 2011 A better approach to our nation’s childhood-obesity problem would be to scale back government-provided and subsidized meal programs significantly and to reduce the number of children eating these largely unhealthy meals.
Food Police Center for Consumer Freedom, June 25, 2010 The Center for Consumer Freedom, which promotes personal responsibility and consumer choice, oppose authoritarian proposals to tax, legislate, and litigate away food and beverage choices.
Overreaching on Obesity: Governments Consider New Taxes on Soda and Candy Scott Drenkard, Tax Foundation, October 31, 2011 Singling out soda and candy for taxation is a poor method of combating obesity. Proponents of obesity taxation argue that they are helping to internalize externalities, yet what they really do is unfairly burden all who enjoy soda and candy, regardless of what might be otherwise very healthy lifestyle habits.
Competitive Food Sales in Schools and Childhood Obesity Jennifer Van Hook and Claire E. Altman, Sociology of Education, January 2012 The vast majority of American middle schools and high schools sell what are known as “competitive foods,” such as soft drinks, candy bars, and chips, to children. The authors found that children’s weight gain between fifth and eighth grades was not associated with the introduction or the duration of exposure to competitive food sales in middle school.
Related Articles
"Obesity": Definition and Trends
Defining Overweight and Obesity Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Updated June 21, 2010 Overweight and obesity are both labels for ranges of weight that are greater than what is generally considered healthy for a given height. The terms also identify ranges of weight that have been shown to increase the likelihood of certain diseases and other health problems.
Calculate Your Body Mass Index National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Body mass index (BMI) is a measure of body fat based on height and weight that applies to adult men and women. Use the calculator on this site to determine yours. Obesity in America, By the Numbers NPR What does it mean to live in a nation where 1 of every 3 people is obese? In countless ways, obesity is changing the way we work, live, eat and travel. NPR breaks it down in charts and statistics.
Prevalence of Obesity and Trends in the Distribution of Body Mass Index Among U.S. Adults, 1999-2010 Katherine M. Flegal, Margaret D. Carroll, Brian K. Kit and Cynthia L. Ogden, JAMA, January 17, 2012 The prevalence of BMI-defined obesity in adults in the United States continues to exceed 30% in most sex-age groups. It increased significantly over the 12-year period from 1999 through 2010 for men and for non-Hispanic black and Mexican American women, but did not change between 2003-2008 and 2009-1010 for men or women.
Healthy and Obese?
Can You Be Both Obese and Healthy? Peter Janiszewski, Guest Blog, Scientific American, January 18, 2011 Countless epidemiological studies have shown that as you move from a normal body weight towards obesity the risk of many chronic diseases increases exponentially. However, more and more research suggests that the relationship between body weight and health is much more nuanced than previously thought.
Should All Obese People Lose Weight? Madison Park, CNN, August 16, 2011 Doctors have known for years that obesity doesn't affect all people the same way. An obese person could lead a healthy life while another person with the same body mass index, or BMI, could have severe medical problems.
“Obese” BMI Does Not Harm Current Health of Young Adults, Study Says Research News, Ohio State University, 2009 A study examining the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and illness suggests that a BMI of 30 or above, a signal of obesity, according to federal health standards, does not translate into current illness among adults under age 40.
Cause-Specific Excess Deaths Associated with Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity K. M. Flegal, B. I. Graubard, D. F. Williamson and M. H. Gail, Journal of the American Medical Association, November 7, 2007 Researchers conclude that obesity is associated with higher mortality from cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and kidney disease, but not cancer, and may even be associated with decreased mortality from non-cancer and non-cardiovascular diseases.
Excess Weight Is Not Good for You Harvard School of Public Health Journal of the American Medical Association, November 7, 2007 Federal researchers concluded that being overweight isn't associated with the chances of dying from heart disease or cancer. There's just one small problem with this study: Its conclusions are almost certain to be wrong.
Advertising
Tough New Rules Proposed on Food Advertising for Kids Janet Adamy, Wall Street Journal, April 29, 2011 The Obama administration is asking food makers to sharply limit any advertising to children and teens of foods high in sodium, saturated fat and added sugars, in an effort to curb obesity. Some food advertisers said the guidelines—which wouldn't take effect until 2016—are too onerous and called for changes.
Kids, Food Marketing & Self-Regulation: The Latest Lesley Fair, Business Center Blog, Bureau of Consumer Protection, FTC October 13, 2011 Find links to the Interagency Working Group on Food Marketed to Children’s preliminary proposal for voluntary nutrition standards for foods marketed to kids, as well as FTC testimony.
Virtually No Foods Meet the IWG’s Proposed Nutrition Standards Sensible Food Policy Coalition, June 25, 2010 According to the Sensible Food Policy Coalition, 88 of the 100 most commonly consumed foods and beverages in America would fail the Interagency Working Group proposed nutrition standards.
Fast Food FACTS: Evaluating Fast Food Nutrition and Marketing to Youth Jennifer L. Harris, Marlene B. Schwartz and Kelly D. Brownell, et al, Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity, December 3, 2010 (revised) Fast Food FACTS quantifies the nutritional quality of fast food restaurant menus and documents the full array of marketing practices used to promote these restaurants and their products to children and adolescents.
Cost of Obesity
Economic Consequences Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Page. Updated March 28, 2011 The medical care costs of obesity in the United States are staggering. In 2008 dollars, these costs totaled about $147 billion.
The Economic Impact of Obesity in the United States Ross A. Hammond and Ruth Levine, Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, August 17, 2010 The authors conducted a broad search of the literature that addresses potential economic costs of obesity and found the total annual economic costs associated with obesity to be in excess of $215 billion.
Let’s Move!Let’s Move! is a comprehensive initiative, launched by the First Lady, dedicated to solving the problem of obesity within a generation. The five pillars of the initiative are creating a healthy start for children; empowering parents and caregivers; providing healthy food in schools; improving access to healthy, affordable foods; and increasing physical activity.
Medicare Anti-Obesity Initiative Triggers Treatment Debate Nanci Hellmich and Kelly Kennedy, USA Today, December 1, 2011 The decision that Medicare will pay for screening and counseling services to help obese patients lose weight has opened an old debate about who can best help people slim down. Obesity: Halting the Epidemic by Making Health Easier National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, CDC, 2011 Work the CDC’s Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity is doing to reduce obesity. Weight Management and Obesity Resource List Food and Nutrition Information Center, National Agricultural Library USDA, January 2009 This publication is a collection of resources for consumers on topics of weight management and obesity.
Tobacco Funds Shrink as Obesity Fight Intensifies Duff Wilson, New York Times, July 27, 2010 Shortly after the kick off the “Let’s Move” program, the administration awarded more funds to fight obesity than tobacco through two big new money sources for preventive health. The funds, totaling $1.15 billion, came from economic stimulus and health care reform legislation. They still provided more than $200 million for tobacco-use prevention.
Georgia’s “Strong4Life” Campaign
Grim Childhood Obesity Ads Stir Critics Carrie Teegardin, Atlanta Journal-Constitution, January 1, 2012 Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta is hearing strong criticism from some camps for its in-your-face advertising campaign designed to attack Georgia’s childhood obesity epidemic. But the pediatric health system stands firmly by its approach.
Obesity Ads Serve as Wake-up Call Doug Hertz, Atlanta Journal-Constitution, January 12, 2012 Tracking research shows more than 80 percent of Atlantans who have seen the ads agree with the approach. Eleven percent do not like the ads and we understand their reservations, but discomfort can lead to change.
Polls
Most Favor Government Role in Reducing Childhood Obesity Pew Research Center, March 8, 2011 Most Americans say the government should play a significant role in reducing obesity among children. But there is strong opposition to government involvement in this effort among conservative Republicans and Tea Party supporters.
Related Articles
UCSF Scientists Declare War on Sugar in Food Erin Allday, SF Chroncle, February 2, 2012 Like alcohol and tobacco, sugar is a toxic, addictive substance that should be highly regulated with taxes, laws on where and to whom it can be advertised, and even age-restricted sales, says a team of UCSF scientists.
Fatty Food “Trigger” for Diabetes NHS Choices, August 15, 2011 Researchers from the University of California and the RIKEN Advanced Science Institute in Japan believe they have discovered how fatty foods “trigger” type 2 diabetes. It said that the discovery may lead to a “cure” for the disease.
No, This is Why You’re Fat! Jeff Nield, Treehugger, March 12, 2010 Researchers from the University of California and the RIKEN Advanced Science Institute in Japan believe they have discovered how fatty foods “trigger” type 2 diabetes. It said that the discovery may lead to a “cure” for the disease.
Learning to Be Lean Reed Abelson, New York Times, January 16, 2012 While there are many community efforts aimed at getting every child to eat better and exercise more, including Michelle Obama’s “Let’s Move” initiative, there is also growing demand for programs that help children who are already seriously overweight. WellPoint and the UnitedHealth Group, another large insurer, are experimenting with new approaches.
Congress Blocks New Rules on School Lunches Ron Nixon, New York Times, November 15, 2011 A slice of pizza still counts as a vegetable. In a victory for the makers of frozen pizzas, tomato paste and French fries, Congress on Monday blocked rules proposed by the Agriculture Department that would have overhauled the nation’s school lunch program.
The Politics Of Obesity: Seven Steps To Government Action Rogan Kersh and James Morone, Health Affairs, 2002 The authors identify seven “triggers” that prompt government to intervene in citizens’ private habits, which triggers have been tripped in the case of obesity and food consumption, and what government now does in this field and what it might do in the future.